Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix. The appendix is a finger-shaped pouch that emerges from the colon on the bottom right side of the stomach, commonly known as the abdomen.

Appendicitis produces pain in the lower right side of the abdomen. However, in most people, pain starts at the belly button and subsequently spreads. Appendicitis discomfort usually intensifies with inflammation and finally becomes severe.

Although anybody can get appendicitis, it most commonly affects adults between the ages of 10 and 30. Antibiotics are typically used to treat appendicitis, followed by surgery to remove the appendix in most cases.

Symptoms


The symptoms of appendicitis may include:


Sudden pain on the right side of the lower abdomen.
Sudden pain that originates around the abdominal button and frequently spreads to the lower right abdomen.
Pain worsens when coughing, walking, or doing other jarring activities.
Nausea and vomiting.
Loss of appetite.
Low-grade fever, which may increase as the illness progresses.
Constipation and/or diarrhea.
Belly bloating.
Gas.

The pain's location may vary depending on age and appendix position. Because the appendix is elevated during pregnancy, the discomfort may appear to originate in the upper abdomen.

When to visit a doctor.


If you or your kid experiences symptoms, schedule an appointment with a healthcare professional. Terrible abdominal pain necessitates immediate medical intervention.

Causes


Appendicitis is most commonly caused by a blockage in the appendix's lining, known as the lumen. This blockage can lead to an infection. The germs multiply rapidly, causing the appendix to become inflamed, bloated, and filled with pus. If not treated immediately, the appendix might rupture or break open.

Risk Factors


Risk factors for appendicitis are:


Age. Anyone can develop appendicitis, however it most commonly affects adults between the ages of 10 and 30.
Your sex. Men are somewhat more likely to have appendicitis than women.

Complications


Appendicitis can lead to significant problems such as:


A ruptured appendix. A ruptured appendix spreads infection throughout the belly, causing peritonitis. This potentially life-threatening illness necessitates prompt surgery to remove the appendix and clean out the abdominal cavity.

A pus pocket develops in the abdomen. If the appendix ruptures, a pocket of infection may form. This is known as an abscess. In most situations, a surgeon drains the abscess by inserting a tube through the abdomen wall into it. The tube is left in place for around two weeks, and antibiotics are provided to treat the infection.

Once the infection has cleared, the appendix can be surgically removed. In some cases, the abscess is drained, and the appendix is immediately removed.